What potential side effect should be monitored in patients taking corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids are known to suppress the immune system, which can lead to a heightened risk of infection. This occurs because these medications inhibit the function of various immune cells, reducing the body’s ability to respond adequately to pathogens. Patients on corticosteroids may be more susceptible to common infections, such as respiratory infections, as well as opportunistic infections that a healthy immune system would typically fend off.

Monitoring for signs of infection is essential, especially in patients who may already have underlying health issues or those receiving high doses or long-term corticosteroid therapy. The other options—decreased appetite, constipation, and excessive salivation—are not commonly associated with corticosteroid use, making them less relevant for monitoring in this context.