Which drug class includes alprazolam and lorazepam?

The drug class that includes alprazolam and lorazepam is benzodiazepines. This class of medications is primarily used for their anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), sedative, and muscle relaxant properties. Alprazolam is commonly used to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorders, while lorazepam is often utilized for its calming effects, especially in acute anxiety situations and preoperative settings.

Benzodiazepines function by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor in the brain. This action results in an increase in inhibitory neurotransmission, leading to the desired effects of sedation and reduced anxiety.

In contrast, the other options cater to different therapeutic areas. Antidepressants are primarily used to treat mood disorders, beta-blockers are utilized for cardiovascular issues and anxiety management, and opioids are mainly prescribed for pain management. Each of these drug classes is distinguished by its unique mechanism of action and therapeutic indications, highlighting why benzodiazepines are the correct categorization for alprazolam and lorazepam.